Obstructed or limited amount of blood flowing to the brain and other vital organs such as the kidneys can occur if the blood pressure is too low, which can cause lightheadedness and dizziness. The body also will feel unstable or wobbly, even loss of consciousness.
There are two sizes used in blood pressure, the systolic pressure (top number) and diastolic pressure (the bottom number). Normal blood pressure is between 90/60 and 140/90. Hypotensive patients had blood pressure below 90/60, whereas if the blood pressure above 140/90 that the person suffers from hypertension.
Symptoms hypotension
Not all who have hypotension will feel symptoms. Hypotension condition also does not always require treatment. However, if the blood pressure is low enough, is likely to cause symptoms such as the following.
- Heart pounding or irregular.
- Dizzy.
- Limp.
- Nausea.
- Fainting.
- Loss of balance or feel unsteady.
- Blurred vision.
If you are experiencing symptoms of hypotension such as those mentioned above, see your doctor to measure your blood pressure and check if there are certain diseases that cause symptoms such as hypotension.
Causes hypotension
Actually, blood pressure can change throughout the day, depending on the activity being carried out and it is considered normal.
There are many factors that cause a person's blood pressure is low, such as age, treatment, and weather conditions.
The weather was hotter air can make blood pressure decreased. People who are relaxing or exercising in general also have lower blood pressure. In addition, if you have just eaten, blood pressure can also be decreased as much blood that will flow to the gastrointestinal tract to digest and absorb food.
Blood pressure in the day and night was different. Usually in the daytime blood pressure will increase, and the evening will be lower.
The cause hypotension Due Conditions or Specific Diseases
Hypotension can be caused by conditions or certain diseases, some of which are:
- Orthostatic hypotension. Symptoms of orthostatic hypotension usually occur when you change positions suddenly. Someone with orthostatic hypotension experienced a decrease in systolic blood pressure of 15-30 mm Hg when standing up from a sitting or lying down.
- Dehydration. Dehydration occurs due to the shortage of body fluids and can be caused by lack of drink, fasting or diarrhea.
- The side effects of treatment. There are several drugs that can lower blood pressure, such as antidepressants and anti-hypertensive medications such as alpha-blockers and beta-blockers.
- Anemia. Anemia causes the red blood cell count is below normal. One of the symptoms of anemia is low blood pressure.
- Hormonal imbalance. Diseases such as diabetes or Addison's disease causes the disruption of hormone production. This could have an impact on the balance of water and minerals the body, and blood pressure.
- Neurological diseases. Neurological diseases such as Parkinson's disease can cause hypotension when it affects the nervous system that controls body functions such as autonomic control of blood pressure.
- Shock and serious injury. If you are seriously injured and exposed to shock, for example due to excessive bleeding, blood pressure will decrease drastically.
- Heart disease. Severe illness such as heart disease causes the blood can not be pumped either by the heart throughout the body. As a result, blood pressure decreased.
- Pregnancy. Blood pressure in pregnant women is usually lower because the circulatory system is expanding rapidly.
Diagnosis hypotension
Measuring blood pressure is an accurate and easy way to diagnose hypotension. Here are some things that must be done before measuring blood pressure to get the proper blood pressure measurement.
Emptying the bladder or urination.
Break of at least 5 minutes.
Sedentary and not as he spoke.
In addition to measuring blood pressure, there is some way or other tests to diagnose the cause hypotension as a result of a specific condition or disease, and also to determine appropriate treatment, namely:
- The electrocardiogram (ECG). This test aims to detect structural abnormalities of the heart, the problem of oxygen and blood supply to the heart muscle, as well as irregular heartbeat.
- Echocardiogram. This test uses sound waves to produce images of the heart structure and function check.
- Exercise stress test. This test is done by making the heart work harder to be more easily diagnose blood pressure. Can be done by walking on a treadmill.
- Blood tests. Blood tests can be done to check hormone levels, and if the patient has anemia or diabetes.
There are several things you can do to reduce the risk of hypotension, which limits the consumption of liquor and drink lots of water. For those of you who like caffeinated beverages, avoid drinks that contain these nutrients in the evenings.
Regarding diet, more often consume foods in small amounts is better than eating food in large portions with much less frequency. In addition, increasing salt intake can also prevent hypotension.
Patients with hypotension are also advised to avoid standing for long periods of time. Especially for patients with hypotension ortosatik, when standing up from a sitting or lying down, take it slowly.
If you are taking any medications that may cause side effects hypotension, your doctor may change the dose of the drug or provide another alternative.
Treatment for hypotension should be based on the underlying cause. Drug used to treat hypotension usually given to increase the amount of blood or narrows the arteries so that blood pressure increases.
If you are on medication, check blood pressure regularly. And if you experience any side effects, see your doctor. Similarly, in your hypotension condition that persisted or not disappear, consult your nearest health institution.
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