If you have heart disease, you are highly recommended to improve your lifestyle such as maintaining diet and exercise, take medication regularly, and stop smoking. Heart disease can not be cured, but can be prevented from deteriorating.
Handling more invasive like surgery would be recommended if heart disease worsened thereby disrupting the quality of life.
Fixing Lifestyle
By improving lifestyle, people can avoid the risk of the occurrence of the symptoms of heart disease. Lifestyle changes can be done with simple steps, for example:
- Applying a healthy diet.
- Quit smoking.
- Exercise regularly.
- Reducing the consumption of liquor.
Fixing lifestyle alone is often not sufficient to deal with heart disease. Therefore, doctors usually encourage the use of drugs or surgery procedures to overcome this disease.
Statins
These drugs serves to lower cholesterol levels in the body so that it can slow the progression of heart disease. Several types of statins are often the doctor is simvastatin, pravastatin and atorvastatin.
Antiplatelet
This drug is taken to prevent blood clots that cause heart attacks. Antiplatelet kind commonly used include low-dose aspirin, clopidogrel, ticagrelor and prasugrel.
Anti-hypertension and diabetes drugs
If you suffer from high blood pressure and / or diabetes, it is very important for you to control the development of these diseases. Make sure the anti-hypertensive drugs and diabetes medications you are in compliance and bring effective results. If not, see your doctor to find a treatment that is more suitable. Remember that a healthy lifestyle also play an important role in the treatment of both disorders.
Drugs to Handle Angina
Beta-blockers
By taking this drug, the heart rate will be reduced and blood flow will be smoother. This means that the burden will be reduced so that the heart of angina attacks can be avoided. The types of beta-blockers include atenolol, bisoprolol, metoprolol, and propranolol.
Calcium channel blockers
Calcium channel blockers (calcium channel blockers) made the walls of blood vessels widen so blood flow to the heart increases.
Nitrate drug
How it works similarly to the nitrate calcium channel blockers. Nitrate medication serves to increase the diameter of blood vessels and improving blood flow to the heart and relieve angina attacks. These drugs not only in tablet form, but can also be used in the form of a spray, gel and patch. Its performance is also short and long. The type commonly used is glyceryl trinitrate and isosorbide mononitrate.
Ivabradine
For people with heart disease who can not consume beta-blockers (eg, because of a lung infection), this drug is often given by doctors. Ivabradine reduce the burden on the heart by slowing the pulse rate.
Nicorandil
These drugs can be used as a substitute for calcium channel blockers for the same function. Nicorandil facilitate blood flow to the heart by widening the diameter of blood vessels.
Ranolazine
These drugs work by making the heart muscle is relaxed, but did not affect heart rate or blood vessels. Therefore, ranolazine is suitable for people with heart failure or those with abnormal heart rhythms.
Through Handling Operations
If the drug is not effective against angina symptoms you are experiencing, your doctor may recommend a surgical procedure. In addition to angina, this operation is also performed on patients who have had heart attacks.
Percutaneous Cardiac Intervention (PCI)
This operation aims to widen the narrowed heart artery. The procedure is done by inserting a ring (stent) into the narrowed heart artery through coronary angiography or cardiac catheterization.
Coronary artery bypass surgery (CABG)
This surgical procedure involves planting the blood vessels of the other limb to open a new route for blood flow to the heart so that sufficient blood supply. People with diabetes, elderly patients and those with more than two narrowing of blood vessels is recommended to undergo CABG than PCI.
Causes of Heart Disease
The main cause of coronary heart disease is the accumulation of fat in the arteries or atherosclerosis. In addition to reducing blood supply to the heart, atherosclerosis can also trigger the formation of thrombosis, or blood clots. Blood clotting is blocking the blood supply to the heart. So, people who suffer from angina, are more susceptible to heart attacks.
There are several factors that can increase the risk of heart disease, namely:
Smoking habit
Smokers have a higher risk for heart disease. Carbon monoxide in cigarette smoke and nicotine content in cigarettes may increase the risk of blood clots as well as stimulate the heart to work faster so that will further burden the heart. Other chemical compounds from tobacco smoke can also damage the walls of the coronary artery that will trigger the constriction. Smokers have a 20-25 percent higher risk for heart disease than those who did not smoke at all.
Lifestyle Poor
The risk of heart disease may also increase due to unhealthy lifestyles. Such as lack of exercise, often eating fatty foods, and rarely eat fruits and vegetables.
High Cholesterol Levels
Cholesterol is divided into two types, namely the good cholesterol (HDL) and bad cholesterol (LDL). Bad cholesterol easy to agglomerate and stick to the walls of blood vessels. Therefore, high levels of LDL can form plaques that cause atherosclerosis. A normal LDL level in the blood is below 100 mg / dL.
Hypertension
You will be considered to be suffering from hypertension or high blood pressure if your blood pressure is above 140/90 mmHg. High blood pressure means the heart to work harder so that the heart and blood vessels will be more burdened. One of the triggering factors of hypertension is the consumption of food with high salt content.
Diabetes
Diabetes can lead to thickening of the walls of blood vessels, potentially blocking blood flow. Therefore, people with diabetes have a higher risk for heart disease.
Overweight
People who are overweight or obese could potentially suffer from high blood pressure, tend to have higher cholesterol levels, as well as more at risk of developing diabetes type 2. Therefore, they also have a higher risk for heart disease. In addition, to meet the needs of the body with a high weight, the heart must work harder than if the body weight is ideal.
Age factor
The older a person's age, the higher the risk for heart disease.
Gender
Compared to women, men have a higher risk for heart disease. But keep in mind that the risk of heart disease in women will be higher after experiencing menopause.
Family Health History
If you have a nuclear family such as father, mother, brother, or sister with heart disease, your risk for heart disease would be higher than in people who do not have a history of heart disease in his family.
Prevention of Heart Disease
Coronary heart disease can be prevented. There are some simple preventive steps that you can do, one of which is to stop smoking. Smoking not only increases the risk of heart disease, but also a variety of other diseases such as stroke and lung cancer.
Adopting a healthy lifestyle can prevent coronary heart disease, for example by exercising regularly (at least 2-3 hours per week) and maintain your diet like eating more fruits, vegetables and reduce food bersantan.
Another prevention is to control high blood pressure (eg, by eating foods low in salt and anti-hypertensive drugs on a regular basis), controlling blood sugar levels (for example, limit the consumption of sweet foods and control the development of diabetes).
Keeping cholesterol levels, especially for people over the age of 40 years. This step can be done by avoiding fatty foods such as rendang, chicken curry, or fried. Maintaining a healthy weight and limiting the consumption of liquor is another way that can be done to prevent coronary heart disease.
Especially for people with angina, preventive measures are also necessary in order to avoid a heart attack and complications. Therefore, they are advised to take medication the doctor regularly and as prescribed.
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