For cancer that has spread, only radiotherapy and / or chemotherapy that can be done. In addition, biological therapy is also available as an alternative to chemotherapy. Biological therapy aims to control and suppress the development of cancer.
Lifting Operation Lung Cancer
Surgery done to remove lung cancer and some healthy tissue around it. This is done in order to anticipate if there are cancer cells that have spread.
Wedge resection is a surgical procedure that lifts a small portion of lung tissue because the tumor that is small or if the performance lungs of patients has decreased because lobectomy surgery which he had previously.
Lobectomy is the removal of the entire lobe in one lung. Lobe is the part of the lung that has clear limits. Right lung consists of three lobes, whereas the left lung of the two lobes. In the procedure lobectomy, the entire lobe of the lung cancer is to be lifted. The lungs are still able to function with the rest of the existing lobe.
Pneumonectomy is the surgical removal procedures one side of the lung as a whole. Implementation of this procedure only if forced, such as cancer cells are in the middle of one side of the lung or has spread to all parts of the lungs.
Patients will still be able to breathe after the operations above. If a portion of the lung is removed, the rest of the network that they will expand after some time. This would make breathing gets easier. It took several weeks to fully recover from lung surgery.
As with other operations, surgical removal of the lung also may lead to complications. Examples of lung surgery complications include inflammation of the lungs, bleeding, and blood clots.
Radiotherapy
Radiotherapy uses radiation energy to kill cancer cells. Especially on postoperative conditions, this procedure can also be used to kill cancer cells that remain. If surgery is not possible, radiotherapy is done to relieve symptoms or pain and slow the rate of spread of the cancer.
Possible side effects that may occur as a result of radiotherapy is as follows:
- Cough up sputum mixed with blood.
- Pain in the chest.
- Difficulty in swallowing.
- Redness and stinging.
- Often feel tired.
Chemotherapy treatment is done periodically within a few weeks or months, punctuated by a break to recuperate. Handling procedures taking drugs to kill cancer cells, slowing the growth of cancer cells, and inhibit the spread.
Chemotherapy is also sometimes given before surgery with the aim to make the cancer shrink and become easier to carry. In addition, chemotherapy can also be done pascaoperasiuntuk kill cancer cells that remain. Another function of the chemotherapy is to relieve pain and reduce symptoms of cancer.
Side effects that will arise as a result of chemotherapy include physical fatigue, nausea, vomiting, hair loss, and the emergence of ulcers of the stomach. Chemotherapy can also make the body more vulnerable to infection.
Biological therapies
This treatment step is an alternative to chemotherapy. This therapy uses drugs such as erlotinib and gefitinib which serves to inhibit the growth of cancer cells. This therapy is usually recommended for those who suffer from lung cancer non-small cell that has spread so difficult to treat with radiotherapy or surgery.
Cause Lung Cancer
The main cause of lung cancer is smoking, both active smokers and in nonsmokers. But people who do not smoke nor affected by exposure to cigarette smoke may also suffer from lung cancer. Some of the causes of lung cancer will be described further below.
Smokers Active and Passive Smokers
Approximately 80-90 percent of lung cancer cases are caused by smoking. So active smokers become the group's most cigarettes smoked berisiko.Asap contains more than 50 cancer-triggering substances that impact directly on the lung tissue. Eg nicotine used in insecticides and tar used in the manufacture of asphalt streets.
At first, this damage can be repaired by the body. But the repetition and continuation of smoking causes damage to the lung tissue continues to grow. This has resulted in damage to the cells react abnormally to finally emerge cancer cells.
Currently, more than 60 million people in Indonesia are active smokers. This number is growing from year to year. Indonesia ranks third in the countries with the highest active smokers, behind China and India.
In addition to tobacco, marijuana also contains substances that can trigger cancer. Tobacco is often mixed with marijuana. Although the quantity of tobacco mixed with marijuana less than cigarettes, marijuana smokers inhale more and longer. Impact of smoking tobacco and marijuana is much worse than a regular cigarette.
Passive smokers are people affected by exposure to cigarette smoke but do not smoke directly. Although not directly smoking, passive smokers remain at risk of developing lung cancer. Passive smokers exposed to the risk of lung cancer increased by at least 20 percent compared to people who are not exposed to cigarette smoke exposure.
Air pollution
According to WHO data, Southeast Asia is in the second position as the region contributor to air pollution in the world's poor. The risk of lung cancer increases if we are exposed to air pollution exposures example of fumes or smoke from factories. Approximately one in 100 deaths due to lung cancer caused by high levels of pollution. Inhaling exhaust fumes from vehicles and factories could have the same impact as passive smoking.
Exposure in the Workplace
Some work has possible links with increased risk of lung cancer. Employees affected by exposure to several chemical compounds that are carcinogenic, such as asbestos, nickel, coal, silica, and arsenic have a higher risk of developing lung cancer.
Radiation exposure
Radon is a part of the air we breathe. Radon is a radioactive gas that comes naturally. This gas comes from rocks and soil in very small quantities.
The radon gas can move through the soil. This gas will go into homes through foundation cracks, pipes, drains or other open pit. This gas can be tested by means of a simple test, because radon is invisible and odorless. If inhaled, radon gas can damage the lungs, especially for a smoker.
Prevention of Lung Cancer
Lung cancer is one type of cancer that can be prevented. Here are some ways you can do:
- Do not smoke and avoid secondhand smoke. The main way to prevent lung cancer is to not smoke. Avoid secondhand smoke, if your neighborhood is filled with active smokers. Especially for the active smoker, stop smoking now. Despite many years of smoking, this step will still useful and can reduce the risk of developing lung cancer.
- Healthy food menu options. Get used to eating foods low in fat and high in fiber. Fruits and vegetables should be the main menu daily. Avoid taking too many vitamins in pill or tablet form because such drugs can have side effects.
- Exercise regularly. Try to exercise regularly. For those who rarely exercise, start the exercise gradually. For adults, it is recommended to exercise at least 2-3 hours per week.
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