- Face
- Hand
- Back
- leg
Melanomas have irregular shapes and more than one color. Moles that attacked melanoma may itch and can bleed, besides its size can exceed normal moles. To distinguish between normal moles and melanoma, register ABCDE has been developed for people.
Melanoma Skin Cancer Patients in Indonesia
Melanoma skin cancer is the most common cancer of the 19th in dunia.Terdapat about 200,000 new cases of melanoma in the world. Australia and New Zealand have the highest melanoma cases, while the Asian countries in general have the lowest melanoma cases.
According to WHO, there are approximately 3300 new cases of melanoma each year in Indonesia. Although sparse, this type of skin cancer can be fatal if not diagnosed early.
Causes Melanoma Skin Cancer
Some factors that may increase the likelihood of contracting melanoma are as follows:
- Having many moles or freckles
- Pale skin flammable
- Having a family member who had suffered from melanoma
- Red or blond hair
When cells in the skin start to develop abnormally, melanoma begins to develop. Not yet known why this happens. Most people assume the causes of melanoma skin due to exposure to ultraviolet (UV) natural or artificial.
Melanoma Skin Cancer Diagnosis
Doctors can diagnose melanoma after examination, though usually they will refer you to see a skin specialist (dermatologist) or a plastic surgeon if they think you are suffering from melanoma. So if you notice any change in the shape of a mole, see your doctor.
In most cases, the network is considered suspicious moles will be dissected and studied whether it has become cancerous. This process is called a biopsy. To check whether the melanoma has spread to other body parts, the examination of sentinel node biopsy can also be done.
Melanoma Skin Cancer Treatment
If the melanoma has been diagnosed and is still in the early stages, surgery is usually going to be successful cure of this skin cancer. But, in order to prevent melanoma reappear, you must continue with follow-up care. The only treatment of melanoma is surgery, even though all of the treatment depends on your condition.
If melanoma is not diagnosed until the acute phase, treatment is done to slow the spread and reduce the symptoms that occur. At this stage, it usually takes drugs, such as chemotherapy.
The reappearance of melanoma
There is the possibility of melanoma will come back if you have previously suffered from melanoma. If the cancer has spread and serious, then your risk will rise again.
You may have to perform regular checks to monitor the health, especially if your cancer care team felt that there is a great possibility melanoma will reappear. How to check if there is a tumor in your skin, it will usually be taught by a team of doctors on duty.
Melanoma Skin Cancer Prevention
You can reduce the chances of suffering from this disease by avoiding skin to avoid direct exposure to ultraviolet light, although the emergence of melanoma is not always preventable. One of the prevention of melanoma is easy to do is use sunscreen and wear clothing that is complete to protect the skin from damaging sun exposure.
To increase the success of treatment and in order to get a diagnosis early on, you are advised to check moles and freckles on a regular basis.
Melanoma Skin Cancer Diagnosis
The doctor will check the condition of the skin and decide if you require further examination by a specialist. This is the beginning of the process before the diagnosis of melanoma.
Biopsy
A biopsy is usually done by a local anesthetic. The area around the mole will become numb (numb) and you will not feel pain. If the doctor suspects a mole examined as melanoma, you will be referred to see a specialist skin (dermatology) or plastic surgeon for further examination.
Dermatologist or plastic surgeon may perform a biopsy. A small operation to remove a mole is melanoma is likely to be further investigated with a microscope. This process is performed to determine whether the mole is cancerous or not.
Operating more needs to be done if a mole is cancerous. In most cases, surgery is performed to remove the affected skin cancer and treated by a plastic surgeon.
Further tests
A test is more needs to be done to you if there is a concern that my cancer has spread to other organs, such as bone or into your circulatory system. Other tests that may be done include:
- blood tests
- X-ray imaging
- MRI Scan
- CT Scan
Sentinel Lymph Node Biopsy
The pattern of the spread of melanoma early is generally spread through the flow in the skin called the lymphatic system, toward a group of nearby lymph nodes. Medically lymph nodes are also known as 'lymph nodes'. These glands can be found anywhere in the body. Gland that is part of the immune system to help destroy bacteria and unwanted particles in the body.
Set of melanoma cells in very small amounts are able to spread through the lymphatic vessels to the lymph node system. For example melanoma skin cancer in the arm often spreads to the lymph nodes in the armpit or skin cancer melanoma on the foot is often spread to the lymph nodes in the groin.
The process is performed plastic surgeon called sentinel lymph node biopsy is a test to determine whether the melanoma in a very small amount has spread to the lymph nodes. The spread of small usually not visible on an X-ray test results but is easier to detect the sentinel lymph node biopsy process.
Combined blue ink and a weak radioactive elements will be included plastic surgeons around your wound before the surgical removal of part of the skin. Just as melanoma cells, blue ink and radioactive elements will flow by the lymphatic channels in the skin. Logically, combined elements of it will go to the first lymph node, as lymph node targeted by cancer, it is called the sentinel lymph node.
With blue ink and a radioactive element that has been injected, the sentinel node can be found and removed, while the node that is not infected usually abandoned. Nodes that will be handed over to a specialist pathologist to examine, identify, or isolate melanoma cells were very small. This entire process could take several weeks.
For patients with lymph node already infected melanoma, there is likely melanoma has spread to other places. If the sentinel lymph node net of melanoma, we can be sure that the other lymph nodes are also clean, but not impossible melanoma can spread.
If melanoma in the sentinel lymph node, there is a risk of 20% at least one more lymph nodes in the same group are melanoma. In this condition, to lift all remaining lymph nodes in the group infected will usually advised. A larger operation is usually referred to as thorough lymph node dissection or lymphadenectomy thoroughly.
Melanoma Skin Cancer Symptoms
Melanoma skin cancer symptoms are often characterized by the appearance of new moles or changes in the shape of a mole long. Forms normal moles are usually:
- monochrome
- Round or oval
- Diameter of less than 6mm
While melanoma usually have these characteristics:
- Having more than one color
- Irregular shape
- Its diameter greater than 6mm
- Itch and bleed
With ABCDE list, we can distinguish a normal mole with melanoma. ABCDE list is:
- A (asymmetrical) asymmetric: melanomas have irregular shape and can not be divided into two equally
- B (border) suburb: melanoma has a periphery uneven and rough, unlike normal moles
- C (color) color: melanoma is usually a mixture of two or three colors
- D (diameter) diameter: melanomas are usually greater than 6mm in diameter, is different from ordinary moles
- E (enlargement or evolution) enlargement or evolution: a mole that changes shape and size over time will usually be melanoma
Melanoma can grow anywhere in the body, but some parts of the body that are often affected are:
- Face
- Hand
- Back
- leg
Sometimes melanoma can also appear under the fingernails. See your doctor immediately if you feel anxious with one of your moles.
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