Handling of Primary Brain Cancer
Some treatments for primary brain cancer (derived from the brain) are:
Surgery
The goal of surgery is to remove as much tumor as possible in the brain without damaging surrounding tissue. To view the brain and tumor in it, a portion of the skull to be opened. This is known as the process of craniotomy. After that, a brain surgeon can remove the tumor.
In addition to surgery, your doctor will probably run photodynamic therapy. In this therapy, a light-sensitive drug is inserted into the vein and absorbed the remaining cancer cells. When a laser beam is directed at cancer cells, this drug will be active and kill the cancer cells.
To reduce the risk that the tumor does not come back, after surgical removal of the primary tumor, the tumor will be treated with radiotherapy or chemotherapy, or it could be a combination of both.
Chemotherapy
Chemotherapy is done to deal with tumors located deep in the brain and hard removed without damaging other nerve tissue. Chemotherapy is a treatment used to kill cancer cells and can be given in the form of tablets, injections, or implants. Two-drug chemotherapy drugs used in the treatment of high-stage brain tumors are:
- Carmustine implants. This implant will dissolve and release Carmustine to slow or stop the growth of cancer cells. Some side effects of implants Carmustine is brain edema (increased levels of brain fluid), an infection in the brain, seizures.
- Temozolomide. The drug is administered in patients with malignant gliomas to slow the growth of tumors after initial treatment or if the tumor reappears. The side effects of temozolomide include headache, constipation, fatigue, loss of appetite, nausea and vomiting.
Radiotherapy and Radiosurgery
Just as chemotherapy, radiotherapy and radiosurgery is also done to treat tumors deep within the brain and difficult removed. In the process of radiotherapy, high-energy radiation dose focused on the tumor to stop cancer cells from continuing to replicate.
While in radiosurgery, radiation used has a lower intensity and radiation is given over several times. The function of radiosurgery is concentrated dose of radiation with high energy levels in the tumor to kill it.
The difference is there in the radiotherapy beam of radiation with a higher intensity, centered on a small part of the area of the brain, and are only given for one session (not several times).
Handling of Secondary Brain Cancer
Understanding of the secondary tumor is a tumor that has spread to other parts of the body and has been indicated as a tumor serious condition. In this condition, the treatment is continued only to prolong life and control the tumor. Treatment can be done:
- Painkillers, to relieve headaches.
- Anti-nausea drug, may help relieve symptoms of nausea caused by increased pressure inside the head frame.
- Corticosteroids, medications to reduce swelling and pressure on the brain.
- Anticonvulsant drugs, which prevent epileptic seizures.
- Chemotherapy and radiotherapy.
Palliative care can be an alternative if the patient does not want to undergo cancer treatment. Treatment is aimed at controlling the symptoms of cancer and makes patients feel more comfortable.
If you choose palliative care, patients will only get side effects from treatment without removing tumors. Consult with a physician so that patients understand what will happen if you choose not to be treated.
Cause Brain Cancer
Most brain cancers are the result of the spread of cancer from other organs through the bloodstream. While the cause of brain cancer that comes directly from the brain is still unknown.
Primary brain cancer risk may be higher in the presence of a genetic disease of the following:
- Tuberose sclerosis.
- Gorlin syndrome.
- Li-Fraumeni Syndrome cancers.
- Turcot syndrome.
- Von Hippel-Lindau syndrome.
Here are the factors that could potentially increase the risk of developing brain tumors:
- Heredity. Having a family member diagnosed with a brain tumor.
- Radiotherapy. Brain radiation exposure while undergoing radiotherapy action.
- Exposure to chemicals, such as formaldehyde.
- HIV infection.
- Smoke.
- Exposure to toxins from the environment.
The link between the radio frequency of use of mobile phones and brain tumors remains unknown. The energy of radio frequency can generate heat that then increases the temperature of the body and damage body tissue exposed. To date, it has concluded that radio frequencies from mobile phones is too low to produce these effects. Research to ensure this continues.
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