- Resection: take a piece of liver is affected.
- Liver transplantation: surgery to replace the organ with a new liver.
- Radiofrequency ablation / RFA (removal with radio frequency): uses heat to kill the cancerous cells.
Patients can be cured if the cancer when it is diagnosed, the cancer she suffered were in stage A. However, total healing can not be done if the cancer is detected at stage B or C. While at stage D, the only treatment will focus on relieving pain and discomfort.
Appointment of liver cancer surgically
Surgical resection is done by lifting the cancerous cells through surgery. In general it takes 3-4 months to recover your organs after surgery. But you are allowed to leave the hospital within 6-12 days after surgery.
However, like all medical procedures, surgical resection is also at risk. About 25 percent of liver resection surgery cause complications such as infection, bleeding or deep vein thrombosis. An estimated 30 people who underwent liver resection surgery, there is one person who died after or during surgery. This is because the liver resection can sometimes cause deadly complications such as heart attack.
With donor liver transplantation
Transplant can be performed using organs from the dead and living donors. Each method has advantages and disadvantages:
Transplantation of the deceased:
- Can take a long time to wait for a suitable donor.
- The result is better than the donor is still alive.
Transplantation of a donor who is still alive:
- No need to wait too long.
- This procedure complication rate is higher.
- Results tend to be not as good when using the liver of a deceased person.
In addition, liver transplants performed only appropriate for certain cases. This procedure is usually suitable if the tumor diameter of less than 5 cm. But will not be helpful if you suffer from some of the tumor or the tumor is more than 5 cm in diameter. Liver transplantation may be recommended for:
People with three or more tumor with a diameter less than 3 cm
People with tumors that are highly responsive to treatment to show no signs of tumor development until six months later.
Killing Cancer Cells with Radio Frequency
Radiofrequency Ablation RFA or kill cancer cells and shrink the tumor size with a heating process that uses electricity.
Ablation / removal with radio frequency step can be recommended as alternatives to surgery to deal with cases with one or several tumor diameter of less than 5 cm.
After undergoing the procedure, you may feel uncomfortable and experience flu-like symptoms, such as chills or muscle aches for several days. Although rare, complications that may occur are bleeding, infections, minor burns, or damage to surrounding organs.
Chemotherapy treatment
Type of chemotherapy is recommended to handle the liver cancer stage B and C are called kemoembolisasi (Transcatheter arterial chemoembolization / TACE). This treatment does not cure, but only relieve pain and prolong life expectancy. But this procedure is not recommended to handle the liver cancer Stage D because it can worsen the condition.
Kemoembolisasi can be executed when sufferers are waiting for a liver transplant organ. This procedure helps prevent the spread of cancer to the liver when the patient about waiting for liver cangkok.Kemoembolisasi undertaken with a combination of two techniques:
Helps slow the growth of tumors by injecting gel or small plastic granules into the blood vessels draining the tumor
The chemotherapy drugs are injected directly into your heart. This process avoids the patients from the side effects often associated with 'traditional chemotherapy' such as hair loss and fatigue.
About a month after undergoing kemoembolisasi, the body's response to it will be evaluated with a CT scan.
Approximately 30% of patients who undergo kemoembolisasi experience side effects known as post-kemoembolisasi syndrome with symptoms of nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, fever, and loss of appetite. These side effects can disappear 1-2 weeks thereafter.
In addition, there are also some complications kemoembolisasi rarer:
- Inflammation of the liver.
- Worsening of liver function. Usually temporary.
- Abdominal swelling caused by water retention.
- Damage to the duct or gallbladder.
- Alcohol ablation options
Alcohol ablation aims to make cancer cells become dehydrated and stop the flow of blood to the tumor. This treatment can only be done if you just suffer from a few small tumors.
Sorafenib
Sorafenib is a tablet used to treat liver cancer in certain cases. Not all cases of liver cancer can be treated with sorafenib. In cases of advanced liver cancer, the use of sorafenib may not be advisable because the benefits are limited. The medical team will check whether the drug is likely to bring benefits or losses, and right or not if used to you.
Cause of Liver Cancer
The cause and how changes in cells in the liver cancer is still unclear. However, the risk of liver cancer seems to increase with damage to the liver, such as cirrhosis. However, not all cases of cirrhosis will culminate in liver cancer.
Linkages cirrhosis with liver cancer
Liver cancer is closely related to cirrhosis and the formation of scar tissue in the liver. Normal liver tissue formed from cells that software. Cirrhosis is a condition when the normal liver tissue that has been hardened by the process of formation of new tissue from cells are injured. As a result of cirrhosis, liver function starts to decline. Keep in mind that not all people will experience cancer liver cirrhosis.
In a country that is still developing as Indonesia, cirrhosis is commonly caused by:
- Infection with hepatitis B and C.
- Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease.
- Excessive alcohol consumption.
- Autoimmune disease.
Infection with hepatitis B virus
Hepatitis B is a virus that spreads through contaminated blood. In addition, this virus spreads through body fluids such as saliva, semen, and vaginal fluids. Most people with hepatitis B suffer the same symptoms as the pathway to patients with liver cancer and the risk of widespread scarring in the liver. Scarring of the liver tissue that is formed when normal tissue and soft undergo the process of wound.
The ethnic factor thought to influence the risk of potential infection of people with hepatitis B develop into liver cancer. Asians infected with hepatitis B are at higher risk above the average of developing liver cancer, regardless of whether they are also suffering from liver cirrhosis or not. As with the other ethnic hepatitis B patients, their risk for developing liver cancer only increased if they also suffer from cirrhosis or other liver diseases such as hepatitis C.
The combination of smoking and hepatitis B makes the risk of liver cancer is higher.
Infection with hepatitis C
In the long run, people with hepatitis C may experience inflammation and damage to the liver. If you are living with hepatitis C, remove yourself from smoking. People with hepatitis C who smoke are more at risk of developing liver cancer later in life.
Indonesia is one of the countries with the highest rate of hepatitis C in Southeast Asia. One method of spread of hepatitis C in Indonesia is the use of contaminated hypodermic needles.
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease
The exact cause of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease still can not be explained with certainty. However, this disease is often associated with obesity and type 2 diabetes.
Disease non-alcoholic fatty liver is a common condition and does not cause any obvious symptoms in most sufferers. Fat accumulates in the liver tissue causing the disease.
But in some people, the accumulation of fat in high levels can cause liver inflammation. Over time, this inflammation will cause injury to the liver tissue.
As a result of bad liquor
Another of other organs, the liver is an organ with strong resistance. The liver can handle the level of damage that is much higher than other organs such as the heart and brain. This is because the liver cells were able to regenerate after injury.
Whenever you consume liquor, solid organ and soft this will filter out harmful substances in alcohol from your blood. This filtering makes some heart cells to die.
Indeed capable of regenerating liver cells to make new cells. But how powerful was this organ, excessive alcohol consumption, and in the long term can damage the liver permanently. If you continue to consume excessive booze for years, your heart will lose the ability to regenerate.
Other Risk Factors
Liver cancer is also triggered by other factors following:
Autoimmune hepatitis
A rare genetic condition that arises when the immune system or the body's natural resistance that normally fight infection actually attack the liver cells healthy. Risk patients with autoimmune hepatitis to liver cancer smaller than patients with cirrhosis or other liver disorders.
Primary biliary cirrhosis
The basic cause of primary biliary cirrhosis is still not known with certainty. The disease attacks the bile ducts, the pipeline that serves to drain bile into the digestive system. Bile duct damage then caused a buildup of bile in the liver. This buildup damage such organs and lead to cirrhosis. About 5% of people with advanced stage biliary cirrhosis is expected to suffer from liver cancer in the future.
haemochromatosis
Approximately ten percent of patients with cirrhosis due to hemochromatosis suffering from liver cancer. Haemochromatosis is a genetic condition when the body stores too much iron is absorbed from food. Iron piled eventually reach toxic levels and liver damage.
Cause of Liver Cancer
The cause and how changes in cells in the liver cancer is still unclear. However, the risk of liver cancer seems to increase with damage to the liver, such as cirrhosis. However, not all cases of cirrhosis will culminate in liver cancer.
Linkages cirrhosis with liver cancer
Liver cancer is closely related to cirrhosis and the formation of scar tissue in the liver. Normal liver tissue formed from cells that software. Cirrhosis is a condition when the normal liver tissue that has been hardened by the process of formation of new tissue from cells are injured. As a result of cirrhosis, liver function starts to decline. Keep in mind that not all people will experience cancer liver cirrhosis.
In a country that is still developing as Indonesia, cirrhosis is commonly caused by:
- Infection with hepatitis B and C.
- Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease.
- Excessive alcohol consumption.
- Autoimmune disease.
- Infection with hepatitis B virus
Hepatitis B is a virus that spreads through contaminated blood. In addition, this virus spreads through body fluids such as saliva, semen, and vaginal fluids. Most people with hepatitis B suffer the same symptoms as the pathway to patients with liver cancer and the risk of widespread scarring in the liver. Scarring of the liver tissue that is formed when normal tissue and soft undergo the process of wound.
The ethnic factor thought to influence the risk of potential infection of people with hepatitis B develop into liver cancer. Asians infected with hepatitis B are at higher risk above the average of developing liver cancer, regardless of whether they are also suffering from liver cirrhosis or not. As with the other ethnic hepatitis B patients, their risk for developing liver cancer only increased if they also suffer from cirrhosis or other liver diseases such as hepatitis C.
The combination of smoking and hepatitis B makes the risk of liver cancer is higher.
Infection with hepatitis C
In the long run, people with hepatitis C may experience inflammation and damage to the liver. If you are living with hepatitis C, remove yourself from smoking. People with hepatitis C who smoke are more at risk of developing liver cancer later in life.
Indonesia is one of the countries with the highest rate of hepatitis C in Southeast Asia. One method of spread of hepatitis C in Indonesia is the use of contaminated hypodermic needles.
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease
The exact cause of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease still can not be explained with certainty. However, this disease is often associated with obesity and type 2 diabetes.
Disease non-alcoholic fatty liver is a common condition and does not cause any obvious symptoms in most sufferers. Fat accumulates in the liver tissue causing the disease.
But in some people, the accumulation of fat in high levels can cause liver inflammation. Over time, this inflammation will cause injury to the liver tissue.
As a result of bad liquor
Another of other organs, the liver is an organ with strong resistance. The liver can handle the level of damage that is much higher than other organs such as the heart and brain. This is because the liver cells were able to regenerate after injury.
Whenever you consume liquor, solid organ and soft this will filter out harmful substances in alcohol from your blood. This filtering makes some heart cells to die.
Indeed capable of regenerating liver cells to make new cells. But how powerful was this organ, excessive alcohol consumption, and in the long term can damage the liver permanently. If you continue to consume excessive booze for years, your heart will lose the ability to regenerate.
Other Risk Factors
Liver cancer is also triggered by other factors following:
autoimmune hepatitis
A rare genetic condition that arises when the immune system or the body's natural resistance that normally fight infection actually attack the liver cells healthy. Risk patients with autoimmune hepatitis to liver cancer smaller than patients with cirrhosis or other liver disorders.
Primary biliary cirrhosis
The basic cause of primary biliary cirrhosis is still not known with certainty. The disease attacks the bile ducts, the pipeline that serves to drain bile into the digestive system. Bile duct damage then caused a buildup of bile in the liver. This buildup damage such organs and lead to cirrhosis. About 5% of people with advanced stage biliary cirrhosis is expected to suffer from liver cancer in the future.
haemochromatosis
Approximately ten percent of patients with cirrhosis due to hemochromatosis suffering from liver cancer. Haemochromatosis is a genetic condition when the body stores too much iron is absorbed from food. Iron piled eventually reach toxic levels and liver damage.
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