BPD can cause malfunctioning of the person running the daily life and interpersonal relationships with the surroundings. This disorder usually appear during the period before the age of adulthood, but can also improve with age.
People with BPD may have feelings of fear of abandonment, rejection, anxiety, anger, feel insignificant, and the tendency to hurt themselves or others. Impulsive actions, mood changes that often occur, as well as low self-image is causing people trouble maintaining a committed relationship and its longevity.
The cause of BPD (Borderline Personality Disorder)
The exact cause of BPD can not be known. It is estimated that a history of abuse or torture of childhood has been linked to the occurrence of BPD.
Another thing that is also associated with BPD is genetic. According to some studies, a history of personality disorder which is owned by one family member is likely to be inherited through the genes to other family members.
Some studies also show changes in some areas of the brain, especially that helps maintain the emotional side, aggression, and impulsive person, can be attributed to the emergence of conditions BPD. In addition, a decrease in the function of the chemicals in the brain, such as serotonin, are also associated with BPD. Serotonin serves to control mood (mood).
Certain personality traits may also be a risk factor for the development of BPD. For example a person with aggressive and impulsive personality.
Symptoms of BPD (Borderline Personality Disorder)
Borderline personality disorder (BPD) can influence a person's thinking and behavior. Symptoms that may arise include:
- Feeling afraid neglected that make sufferers avoid separation, criticism, or rejection.
- Changes in self-image and identity are rapidly affecting the values and objectives are known. People with BPD may see himself as a bad figure, resembling the figure antagonist in a movie.
- Experiencing a stressful period that triggers paranoia, and lose touch with reality that can take up to several hours.
- Experience mood swings that lasted for days.
- Having impulsive behavior in risky and sometimes dangerous, such as gambling, relationships seksualyang unsafe, driving recklessly, or wasteful. A person with BPD can quit his job for no apparent reason or end a relationship that is basically good.
- Easy to lose patience and become very angry to be triggering a fight or fights.
- At one moment can respect or love someone, but then turned and consider that person as being bad.
- Feel an emptiness psychologically ongoing.
- Can behave self-harm to suicide as a reaction of channeling anger, self-punishment, fear of abandonment, or rejection.
- People with BPD tend to behave impulsively when hurt because after doing so appears a feeling of relief. Over time, patients with BPD increasingly stimulated to behave impulsively when hurt. Unhealthy cycle can begin and continue as the BPD sufferer then feel shame and guilt for his actions, and then re-do the actions that are impulsive in order to feel better. This action can develop into a habit that is done to avoid emotional pain.
See your doctor if you notice the symptoms of this condition, both to themselves and to friends and family. Talk to friends or family members about obtaining information or assistance from medical professionals associated amicably and without coercion.
The diagnosis of BPD (Borderline Personality Disorder)
Efforts doctors recognize and diagnose borderline personality disorder (BPD) begins by observing behavior in accordance with the above symptoms. Given a history of traumatic events, physical or mental health condition in the past, as well as the ever taken medication can help a doctor, psychologist, or psychiatrist to diagnose.
Usually the doctor will do an interview to ask about these things while looking at your health records. In addition, the doctor will perform a psychological evaluation, including instructing you to fill out questionnaires. BPD diagnosis commonly found in patients aged adults, this is because the condition of BPD can be reduced with age children.
Treatment of BPD (Borderline Personality Disorder)
Treatment of borderline personality disorder (BPD) is the main through psychotherapy. Medicines and hospitalization may also be recommended, in accordance with the conditions and patient safety if needed. In certain cases, patients with BPD can be through hospitalization to prevent the tendency to hurt themselves or commit suicide.
Handling BPD through psychotherapy aims to help patients have a more stable life and direct aspects of their life for the better. Psychotherapy is also called talk therapy is the fundamental approach in the treatment of BPD to help people understand this condition and focusing on current capabilities. Psychotherapy also aims to help patients with BPD in arranging the sides of emotion that made him uncomfortable, recognize himself, as well as the control they feel about themselves and others.
Psychotherapy intends to train people in recognizing and analyzing her own feelings. Patients are also expected to reduce impulsive feelings, such as rage arising from situations. Therefore, it can reduce violent behavior and ultimately improve the quality of social relationships. Therefore, patients with BPD will undergo a form of psychological therapy, for example:
Dialectical behavior therapy (DBT)
This therapy-based approach in teaching people with BPD ability to regulate emotions, tolerate mental stress, and improve social relations. This therapy can be done alone or in a group, in consultation with a therapist.
Mentalization-based therapy (MBT)
This therapy focuses method of thinking before reacting. MBT help people with BPD recognize their own feelings and thoughts by creating alternative perspectives on the situation at hand.
Schema-focused therapy
This therapy helps people with BPD identify unmet needs in the early period of life that can trigger negative behavior patterns. The therapy will focus on efforts to fulfill these needs through a more healthy way of life in order to develop positive behavioral patterns. Just like DBT therapy, this therapy can be done individually or in a group consultation.
Transference-focused psychotherapy (TFP) or psychodynamic therapy
This therapy helps people with BPD understand the emotions and the difficulty experienced in developing interpersonal relationships. TFP see the relationships that have developed between BPD patients with a therapist in understanding this problem. Furthermore, the knowledge gained will be applied to the patient in his situation at the moment.
General psychiatric management
This therapy uses a case management by focusing create events that trigger emotional stress becomes plausible. This approach is done by considering the feelings as interpersonal context and can be combined with treatment, group therapy, family counseling, or even individuals.
Training systems for emotional predictability and problem-solving or systems training for emotional predictability and problem-solving (Stepps)
This therapy is a therapy group with family members, friends, couples, or caregivers as part of a group therapy that lasted for 20 weeks. This therapy is also used as an adjunctive therapy along with psychotherapy.
The use of drugs in the treatment of BPD is more aimed at reducing the symptoms or complications that may arise, such as depression and anxiety attacks. The types of drugs used still requires a doctor's prescription, among others:
- antidepressants
- antipsychotics
- Mood stabilizer
BPD recovery process is likely to require considerable time and therapy done can last for months to years. Consult with a mental health professional who has experience with BPD can help patients develop her personality into a better direction.
Complications of BPD (Borderline Personality Disorder)
If you do not get appropriate treatment, borderline personality disorder (BPD) risk of disturbing the various aspects of life of patients, such as:
- Depression
- Consumption of alcohol in excess or abuse of drugs
- Anxiety disorder
- Suffering from eating disorders
- Bipolar disorder
- Paskatrauma stress disorder (post-traumatic stress disorder / PTSD)
- Disorder called attention-deficit / hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) or hyperactivity disease
- Personality disorder
- Losing a good relationship with each other and the pair, both in friendship and marriage.
- Being in a relationship that is unhealthy or violent
- Losing a job or change jobs frequently
- Loss of opportunity in completing education
- Involved with the law, to go to jail
- Suffered physical injuries as a result of self-harm acts
- Experiencing pregnancy outside of the plan, have a sexually transmitted disease, or accident due to have impulsive and risky behavior
- Attempted suicide
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